<h1><b>Passive Voice</b></h1> <br></br> <h2><b> 被动语态复习+提高</b></h2> --- # Outline - Exercise - 被动语态进阶——一些特殊用法 --- # Review&Exercise ---- # Exercise: 1. Lake Powell, the second largest human-made reservoir (水库) in the US, has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it _ __36__ _ (build) in 1963. (2023 届浙江省金华十校高三上学期 11 月模拟) ---- # Exercise: 1. Lake Powell, the second largest human-made reservoir (水库) in the US, has lost nearly 7% of its potential storage capacity since it _ __36_ __ (build) in 1963. (2023 届浙江省金华十校高三上学期 11 月模拟) - 鲍威尔湖是美国第二大人工水库，自 1963 年建成以来，其潜在蓄水能力已经损失了近 7%。设空处在句中做谓语，根据时间状语 in 1963，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，设空处和句子的主语 it 之间是被动关系，可知，设空处应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 was built。 ---- # Exercise: 2. For instance, chess ___57___ (recognize)as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999. (浙江省湖州、丽水、衢州三地市 2022-2023 学年高三上学期 11 月教学质量测试) ---- # Exercise: 2. For instance, chess ___57___ (recognize)as a sport by the International Olympic Committee in 1999. (浙江省湖州、丽水、衢州三地市 2022-2023 学年高三上学期 11 月教学质量测试) - 例如，国际象棋在 1999 年被国际奥委会认可为一项运动。句子分析可知设空处在句中作谓语动词，由时间状语“in 1999”可知此句为一般过去时，主语“chess”与 recognize 之间为被动关系，所以此句用一般过去时的被动语态，chess 作主语，谓语动词用单数，故填 was recognized。 ---- # Exercise: 3. Right now more than 9,800 companies are providing such services, of which over 1,800 ____38____ (establish) last year. ---- # Exercise 3. Right now more than 9,800 companies are providing such services, of which over 1,800 ____38____ (establish) last year. - 目前有 9800 多家公司提供这种服务，其中去年新成立的有 1800 多家。1,800 指代上文中的 9800 多家公司中的 1,800 家公司，作主语，与 establish 是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动语态，由 last year 可知，应用一般过去时。故填 were established。 ---- # Exercise 4. “Oil is the single biggest element of an airlines’ cost base and ultimately the high oil prices ____41____ (pass) through to consumers.”(浙江省名校联盟 2022-2023 学年高三上学期 9 月新高考研究卷（一）) ---- 4. “Oil is the single biggest element of an airlines’ cost base and ultimately the high oil prices ____41____ (pass) through to consumers.”(浙江省名校联盟 2022-2023 学年高三上学期 9 月新高考研究卷（一）浙江省名校联盟 2022-2023 学年高三上学期 9 月新高考研究卷（一）) - 石油是航空公司成本基础中最大的单一元素，高油价最终会转嫁到消费者身上。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述将来发生的动作故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填 will be passed。 --- # ！被动语态的特殊用法 ---- # Outline <br> - 感官使役动词的被动语态 <br> - 一些被动语态的固定句型 --- # 1. 感官使役动词的被动语态 ---- ## 常见动词： <br> #### **感官动词**： - **see** √ - **hear** √ - notice - watch - observe <br></br> #### **使役动词**： - **make** √ - let - observe ---- ## 为什么要特别讲呢？ - 都是用法闹的！ - 来看两个例句： - The teacher **made** the students __ __ (stay) after class for extra work - - They **saw** the children __ __ (play) in the park. - Sum up: 感官动词/使役动词 + do (动词原形) - 本质其实是省略了to - **make** the students **(to) stay** - **see** the children **(to) play** ---- ## 怎么还原？ - 把落下的【**to**】还回去！ - 结构说明 - 主动语态：主语 + make + 宾语 + 动词原形（do） - 被动语态：宾语 + be made + to + 动词原形（do） + by + 主语 - 举个例子： - 例句1： - 主动语态：She makes him clean the room. - 被动语态： ---- ## She makes him clean the room. <br></br> - step 1: 动词变成被动：make → is made - step 2: 在后面跟上原句里面 him 做的事情：clean the room - step 3: 记得补上 to - **Ans:** He is made <u>to</u> clean the room by her. - hear/see这些感官动词也是同理，我们就不多说了x ---- ## More Example - **Active:** They see him play soccer. - **Passive:** He __________ __________ __________ __________ soccer by them. - **Active:** She noticed the man leave the building. - **Passive:** The man __________ __________ __________ __________ the building by her. - **Active:** The manager makes the team work hard. - **Passive:** The team __________ __________ __________ __________ hard by the manager. - **Active:** We let the children go outside. - **Passive:** The children __________ __________ __________ __________ outside by us. ---- - **Active:** You hear them sing in the choir. - **Passive:** They __________ __________ __________ __________ in the choir by you. - **Active:** The coach sees the players practice every day. - **Passive:** The players __________ __________ __________ __________ every day by the coach. - **Active:** She noticed him take the book. - **Passive:** He __________ __________ __________ __________ the book by her. - **Active:** The director made the cast rehearse the play. - **Passive:** The cast __________ __________ __________ __________ the play by the director. ---- - **Active:** You hear them sing in the choir. - **Passive:** They **are** **heard** **to** **sing** in the choir by you. - 中文翻译：他们被你听到在合唱团唱歌。 - **Active:** The coach sees the players practice every day. - **Passive:** The players **are** **seen** **to** **practice** every day by the coach. - 中文翻译：这些球员被教练看到每天练习。 - **Active:** She noticed him take the book. - **Passive:** He **was** **noticed** **to** **take** the book by her. - 中文翻译：他被她注意到拿了那本书。 - **Active:** The director made the cast rehearse the play. - **Passive:** The cast **was** **made** **to** **rehearse** the play by the director. - 中文翻译：演员们被导演要求排练这出戏。 ---- - **Active:** We let the dog run in the park. - **Passive:** The dog __________ __________ __________ __________ in the park by us. - **Active:** They hear the music play loudly. - **Passive:** The music __________ __________ __________ __________ loudly by them. - **Active:** I see the bird build a nest. - **Passive:** The bird __________ __________ __________ __________ a nest by me. - **Active:** She noticed the child draw a picture. - **Passive:** The child __________ __________ __________ __________ a picture by her. ---- - **Active:** We let the dog run in the park. - **Passive:** The dog **is** **let** **run** in the park by us. - 中文翻译：狗被我们允许在公园里跑。 - **Active:** They hear the music play loudly. - **Passive:** The music **is** **heard** **to** **play** loudly by them. - 中文翻译：音乐被他们听到大声播放。 - **Active:** I see the bird build a nest. - **Passive:** The bird **is** **seen** **to** **build** a nest by me. - 中文翻译：那只鸟被我看到筑巢。 - **Active:** She noticed the child draw a picture. - **Passive:** The child **was** **noticed** **to** **draw** a picture by her. - 中文翻译：那个孩子被她注意到在画画。 ---- - **Active:** He made the students study for the test. - **Passive:** The students __________ __________ __________ __________ for the test by him. - **Active:** The teacher lets the students leave early. - **Passive:** The students __________ __________ __________ __________ early by the teacher. - **Active:** We hear the rain fall on the roof. - **Passive:** The rain __________ __________ __________ __________ on the roof by us. ---- - **Active:** He made the students study for the test. - **Passive:** The students **were** **made** **to** **study** for the test by him. - 中文翻译：学生们被他要求为考试学习。 - **Active:** The teacher lets the students leave early. - **Passive:** The students **are** **let** **leave** early by the teacher. - 中文翻译：学生们被老师允许早退。 - **Active:** We hear the rain fall on the roof. - **Passive:** The rain **is** **heard** **to** **fall** on the roof by us. - 中文翻译：雨被我们听到落在屋顶上。 --- # 2. 一些被动语态的固定句型 ---- ## 一些常见句型： - 据说..... It is said that ... - 据报道.. It is reported that ... - 据推测..... It is supposed that ... - 众所周知..... It is well known that ... - 普遍认为..... It is generally considered that ... - 有人建议..... It is suggested that ---- ## Example: 1. 据说他已经离开了城市。 It is said that he has left the city. 2. 据报导，他们发现了新的证据。 It is reported that they have found new evidence. 3. 据推测，这个项目将会被取消。 It is supposed that the project will be canceled. 4. 旅游促发展已成为世界上多数国家的共识。 It is universally accepted/generally considered that tourism can promote development 5. 众所周知，地球绕太阳转。 It is well known that the Earth orbits the Sun. ---- ## Practice: 1. 有人建议每一个班出一个节目。 2. 据报道，新的智能手机模型会在九月发布。 3. 据说这个方法很有效。 4. 据报道政府将采取新措施。 5. 希望这个计划会成功。 ---- ## Answer! 1. It is suggested that each class give a performance. 2. It is reported that the new smartphone model will be released in September. 3. It is said that this method is effective. 4. It is reported that the government will take new measures. 5. It is hoped that this plan will be successful.